Dispersion Adhesives In Industry: Applications And Advancements

https://www.coherentmarketinsights.com/market-insight/dispersion-adhesives-market-3735
Dispersion Adhesives


Adhesives play an important role in binding various materials across different industries. Over the years, dispersion adhesives have emerged as one of the most commonly used type of adhesives. In this article, we will discuss dispersion adhesives in detail - what they are, how they are made, their properties and applications.


What are Dispersion Adhesives?

Dispersion adhesives, as the name suggests, are adhesives formed by dispersing small particles of one material into another. The dispersed or discontinuous phase is usually a synthetic polymer such as vinyl acetate or acrylic polymer. This polymer phase is finely ground and dispersed into an aqueous continuous phase using dispersing agents.

The continuous phase is typically water but can also be an aqueous solution. The dispersed polymer particles are 0.1 - 1 micron in size. Presence of dispersion stabilizers prevents the polymer particles from agglomerating or settling down. Common dispersion stabilizers used are polyvinyl alcohols, cellulose ethers and polyacrylic acids.

Manufacturing Process

The manufacturing process of dispersion adhesives involves several steps:

- Polymerization: The dispersed polymer phase such as polyvinyl acetate or acrylic polymer is first produced through an emulsion polymerization process.

- Grinding: The freshly produced polymer is finely ground using ball mills, sand mills or ultrasonic disintegrators to reduce the particle size.

- Dispersion: The ground polymer is then dispersed into water using high-speed stirrers and dispersing agents to form a stable emulsion.

- Stabilization: Dispersion stabilizers such as polyvinyl alcohols are added to prevent particle agglomeration and sedimentation.

- Formulation: Additional ingredients such as thickening agents, biocides, plasticizers may be added depending on the end use of the adhesive.

- Packaging: The dispersion adhesive is filled into suitable containers such as drums or cans for storage, transportation and usage.

Properties and Applications

Dispersion adhesives have some distinctive properties that make them suitable for many applications:

- Low viscosity: They have a low viscosity even at higher solid content levels making them easy to apply by brushing, rolling or spreading.

- Age resistance: Being water-based, they don't get affected by age or weather conditions and retain their bonding strength for a long time.

- Heat resistance: Once dried, they form strong durable bonds that can withstand moderate heat.

- Water resistance: Cured dispersion films are generally water resistant but not waterproof.

- Flexibility: The bonded joints retain flexibility and strength even after bending or stretching.

- Chemical resistance: Offer good resistance to acids, alkalis and salts.

- Non-toxic: Being water-based, they are generally low in VOCs and free from solvents, making them environment and user-friendly.

Due to the above qualities, dispersion adhesives find wide use in woodworking, footwear, furniture and other construction applications. Some key uses include:

- Laminating and edge-banding in woodworking industry

- Binding textiles and leather in footwear industry

- Automotive and buses interior moldings

- Paneling and surface decoration

- Mailers, file folders and paperboard application

- Wallpaper installation

- Furniture topcoating and lamination

In summary, dispersion adhesives have emerged as an important class of water-based adhesives with excellent properties like low viscosity, flexibility, heat and chemical resistance. Their user-friendly and eco-friendly nature has led to wide acceptance across various applications in woodworking, construction and other industries. Going forward, ongoing development efforts aim to further broaden their uses while retaining sustainability.

 

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